• Stage director: J. Ďurovčík
• Choreography: J. Ďurovčík
Part of the Prague Spring Interntional Music Festival 2009
In the Gluck opera, Eurydice dies two times, but thanks to the supreme art of her husband, the Thracian musician Orpheus, and not least also due to the intervention of gods (unlike in the story’s tragic ending in the classical Greek mythology), she is salvaged. Between 1741 and 1779, Christoph Willibald Gluck composed a total of 45 operas (not counting reworked French versions of Orfeo/Orphée and Alceste, and the later, Viennese version of the opera Ezio), among which Orfeo ed Euridice occupies a pride of place: indeed, it marked the historic beginning of opera’s modern-age development. For Gluck, the crucial turning point came in the form of his meeting the Italian man of letters, Ranieri de’ Calzabigi and the latter’s revolutionary premise that the character of music should be governed by the content of the plot. Orfeo came to embody the three main premises of this reform: namely, simplicity, veracity, and naturalness, which translated into clear-cut, folk-inspired melodies rather than elaborate coloraturas, psychological individuation of characters, more room assigned to the choir, and a new concept of the orchestra.
The premiere, in Vienna’s Hoftheater, on October 5, 1762, with the composer conducting, got only a fairly moderate reception, but from the opera’s production at Parma in 1769 onwards, it embarked on a triumphant international trajectory. Orfeo ed Euridice’s last Prague production so far was mounted by the National Theatre, on whose stage it ran from 1959–1961 featuring the libretto’s Czech translation by Vítězslav Nezval. This outstanding work by the great German composer who spent his youth in Bohemia and who conducted in Prague among others the world premieres of his operas Ezio (1750) and Issipile (1751), will be staged at the Prague State Opera by the renowned Slovak choreographer and director, Ján Ďurovčík.
Performed in Italian with Czech and English captions.
The Prague State Opera resides in the building which on January 5, 1888 was opened as a Prague German stage with the performance of Wagner’s opera, The Mastersingers of Nürnberg. In the 19th century, Prague Germans performed in the Estate’s Theater in alternation with a Czech company. Desire for their own theater led to negotiations in 1883 for the construction of a new theater building for the German Theater Association. Over the next three years, a blueprint was drawn up and handed over to the Vienna atelier of Fellner and Hellmer. Also sharing in the design was the architect of the Vienna Municipal Theater, Karl Hasenauer, while Prague architect Alfons Wertmüller took part in the construction. Financing came from private collections. With its spacious auditorium and neo-Rococo decoration, this theater building is among the most beautiful in Europe. The first director of the new German theater was Angelo Neumann, who acquired well known performers and soon brought the new theater to a high artistic level of international significance. Major figures which worked here included directors Carl Muck, Franz Schalk, and Leo Blech, or singers such as alto V. Nigrini and tenor A. Wallnhöfer.
After Neumann’s death in 1910, Alexander Zemlinsky became the director of the opera from 1911–1927. A great director and composer, Zemlinsky enriched Prague’s cultural life with his unrivalled interpretations of Mozart’s works and significant stagings of works by E. Krenek, P. Hindemith, E. W. Korngold, F. Schreker, as well as his own works. During his era, first-rate artists appeared here such as M. Müller, M. Huss, F. Schorr, L. Slezak, R. Tauber, L. Lehmann and others. Under his successor, Georg Szell, works by modern composers were also performed. The theater featured a remarkably wide repertoire, even including works from Prague German composers (F. Finke, T. Veidl, H. Krása). The company also had excellent singers at its disposal (R. Pauly, R. Stevens, K. Baum, H. Hotter etc.). The final performance in the theater took place on September 25, 1938, when the Theater Association terminated all contracts and sold the theater building to the Czechoslovak state. During the occupation, the theater did not have any regular performances under the name of The Prague German Opera. There were only occasional guest performances by a few German companies.
Among the exceptional artistic figures who performed here were directors Gustav Mahler, Richard Strauss, Felix Mottl, Arthur Nikisch and Felix Weingartner, as well as soloists Anna Bahr-Mildenburg, Berta Lauterer-Foerster, Maria Jeritza, Nellie Melba, Karl Burian, Enrico Caruso, Benjamino Gigli, Jan Kiepura, Richard Kubla, and Tino Pattiera. After liberation, the building was handed over to the May 5th Theater, which later became part of the National Theater. Since its inception in 1992, the Prague State Opera has celebrated the tradition of the New German Theater, not only through the space in which it plays, but above all through the dramaturgy and establishment of its own documentation center, which would like to archive the activities of the NDT (New German Theater), since the archive of this theater has unfortunately been irretrievably lost.
Travel
From the Airport
Take Bus No. 119 to the stop “Dejvická”, from which you enter the metro station of the same name (on the A line) and ride in the direction toward “Skalka” to the station “Museum”. Leave the vestibule via the stairs leading to Washington Street. At the intersection with Politických vězňů Street turn right and, via the pedestrian underpass under Wilson Street, approach the main entrance into the Prague State Opera.
From the main train station
Leave the lower lobby of the station in the direction toward Washington Street. At the intersection with Politických vězňů Street turn left and, via the pedestrian underpass under Wilson Street, approach the main entrance into the Prague State Opera.
From the old town square
Pass through Franz Kafka Square and along Kaprova Street to the metro station “Staroměstská” (on the A line), from which you ride in the direction toward “Skalka” to the station “Museum”. Leave the vestibule via the stairs leading to Washington Street. At the intersection with Politických vězňů Street turn right and, via the pedestrian underpass under Wilson Street, approach the main entrance into the Prague State Opera.
From the Pargue Castle
Pass through the complex of the Prague Castle and along adjacent streets following tourist signs to the metro station “Hradčanská” (on the A line), from which you ride in the direction toward “Skalka” to the station “Museum”. Leave the vestibule via the stairs leading to Washington Street. At the intersection with Politických vězňů Street turn right and, via the pedestrian underpass under Wilson Street, approach the main entrance into the Prague State Opera.
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